| I | Insulin |
| L | Laxatives |
| L | Liddle's syndrome, Licorice intoxiation |
| A | Aldosterone (hyperaldosteronism) |
| D | Diarrhea |
| D | Diuretics |
| P | Periodic Paralysis (familial) |
| O | Overdose (insulin, drink too much water) |
| T | Transcellular shift, i.e. alkalosis |
| A | Activity- vigorous activity, severe sweating |
| S | Sugar- acute glucose load |
| S | Steroids, incl Cushing's syndrome |
| I | Inadequate intake |
| U | Urinary losses (RTA) |
| M | Magnesium deficiency |